股权架构设计一般涉及的问题比较多，股权设计及合伙人持股方式应与各合伙人的贡献大小、企业类型相匹配，并兼顾长期性。同时需要结合公司不同股东的诉求来进行设计。

The design of equity structure generally involves many issues, and the equity design and partner shareholding methods should match the contribution size of each partner, the type of enterprise, and take into account long-term sustainability. At the same time, it is necessary to design based on the demands of different shareholders of the company.

创始人或核心团队对公司的控制权诉求：创始人或核心团队倾向于有限合伙的持股方式，通常这种方式由公司的实际控制人担任普通合伙人，其他公司或个人担任有限合伙人。因为有限合伙人仅有分红权，没有决策权，所以这种方式隔离了持股公司或个人的表决权与分红权，利于实际控制人掌控公司。

The founder or core team's demand for control over the company: The founder or core team tends to hold shares in a limited partnership, usually with the actual controller of the company serving as the general partner and other companies or individuals serving as limited partners. Because limited partners only have dividend rights and no decision-making power, this method isolates the voting and dividend rights of holding companies or individuals, which is beneficial for the actual controller to control the company.

部分股东希望参与重要事项决策的诉求：该类股东可能包括重要创业成员、投资机构、专业顾问等，他们的诉求需要通过直接持股达成。通过直接持股，公司与个人都拥有完整的表决权与分红权。只是个人持股会面临自然人取得分红后的纳税问题。

The demand of some shareholders to participate in important decision-making matters: such shareholders may include important entrepreneurial members, investment institutions, professional consultants, etc. Their demand needs to be achieved through direct shareholding. Through direct shareholding, both companies and individuals have complete voting and dividend rights. Individual shareholding will only face tax issues after natural persons receive dividends.

部分股东仅希望取得分红的诉求规避纳税的诉求：为了避免自然人取得分红纳税，个人可以先设立全资公司，再通过公司持股。因为公司之间分红不涉及所得税，如此可以将分红留存全资公司，节省税务成本。通过设置持股平台架构，将股权进行归集，控制权集中，也就是通过把股东的股权放置于一个主体之内，通过这个主体集中行使表决权，终实现控制公司的目的。常用的持股平台架构有有限合伙企业、有限公司、信托计划等。

Some shareholders only hope to obtain dividends to avoid tax claims: In order to prevent natural persons from paying taxes on dividends, individuals can first establish a wholly-owned company and then hold shares through the company. Because dividends between companies do not involve income tax, they can be retained by the wholly-owned company, saving tax costs. By setting up a shareholding platform structure, the equity is consolidated and control is centralized, which means placing the equity of shareholders within a single entity and exercising voting rights through this entity, ultimately achieving the goal of controlling the company. The commonly used shareholding platform structures include limited partnership enterprises, limited companies, trust plans, etc.

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