设立合伙企业，为什么设计合伙协议的条款总感觉摸不着头脑？

　　Why do I always feel confused about designing the terms of a partnership agreement when setting up a partnership enterprise?

　　合伙企业，虽然常见，但是很多人其实对此是有陌生感的。

　　Partnership enterprises, although common, are actually unfamiliar to many people.

　　有人会问我，合伙企业的股权比例怎么定？

　　Someone may ask me, how is the equity ratio of a partnership enterprise determined?

　　有人会问我，为什么有的合伙企业，法定代表人有2个？

　　Someone may ask me, why do some partnerships have two legal representatives?

　　有人会问我，合伙企业表决是不是按照出资比例？

　　Someone may ask me, is the voting of partnership enterprises based on the proportion of capital contribution?

　　其实，合伙企业没有所谓股权，也没有法定代表人。没有特别约定的话，表决也和出资数量无关。

　　In fact, a partnership enterprise does not have any equity or legal representative. If there is no special agreement, the voting is not related to the amount of capital contribution.

　　为什么很多人不熟悉合伙企业呢？

　　Why are many people unfamiliar with partnership enterprises?

　　一方面，大部分的企业，都是实质上一人主导的企业，都是不与别人合伙或者合股的。只有部分企业成长到一定阶段，因为某种具体的发展需求时，才产生必须与他人合股或者合伙的要求。

　　On the one hand, most companies are essentially one person led enterprises that do not form partnerships or share stocks with others. Only when some enterprises grow to a certain stage and meet specific development needs, do they have the requirement to form partnerships or partnerships with others.

　　另一方面，是改革开放后公司制改革等历史原因造成的，形成了大部分人只知道公司而不清楚合伙的状况。

　　On the other hand, it is due to historical reasons such as the reform of the corporate system after the reform and opening up, which has led to a situation where most people only know about the company and are not aware of the partnership.

　　顺便说一句，历史上的渊源，其实正相反。

　　By the way, the historical origins are actually the opposite.

　　合伙，是老祖宗，很古老的时期就有了合伙，也有了关于合伙的法律。

　　Partnership is the ancestor of ancient times. There have been partnerships and laws related to partnerships since ancient times.

　　现代意义上的有限责任公司，是在资本主义发展的时期才被创造出来的，它更像是合伙这颗大树上长出的一个强壮而有旺盛生命力的分枝。

　　The modern limited liability company was only created during the period of capitalist development, and it is more like a strong and vibrant branch growing from the tree of partnership.

　　而目前的现实中，合伙企业也沦为了某种工具性的东西。

　　In the current reality, partnership enterprises have also become some kind of instrumental thing.

　　有人把它当作融资平台，有人把它当作持股平台，但是很少有人把合伙企业用作需要经营的“企业”。

　　Some people use it as a financing platform, some use it as a holding platform, but few use partnership enterprises as "enterprises" that need to be operated.

　　即使是那些开设管理了很多有限合伙企业的人，绝大多数只是把它用作平台和工具，并没有深入管理合伙企业的需要。

　　Even for those who have established and managed many limited partnerships, the vast majority only use it as a platform and tool, without the need for in-depth management of the partnership.

　　从更深的层次来看，他们对合伙企业的了解也多限于形式或者皮毛，实际需求稍有大的变化，他们在合伙协议条款的设计方面也会有些困难。

　　From a deeper perspective, their understanding of partnership enterprises is mostly limited to form or superficial, and their actual needs may vary slightly. They may also have some difficulties in designing the terms of the partnership agreement.

　　其实，在设计合伙企业的合伙协议时，不太熟悉是很正常的，但最糟糕的一种应对措施就是“抄”。

　　In fact, it is normal to be unfamiliar with the partnership agreement when designing a partnership enterprise, but the worst response is to copy it.

　　相比较来说，抄公司章程，问题还不是那么大。因为，《公司法》对于章程的大部分内容是有法律规定的。这家公司，和那家公司，公司章程可能80%都是一样的。

　　Compared to copying the company's articles of association, the problem is not that big. Because the Company Law has legal provisions for most of the contents of the articles of association. This company and that company may have 80% identical articles of association.

　　合伙企业的合伙协议就不一样了。《合伙企业法》法律规定禁止协商自定义的内容少，交给合伙人们自行商定的内容多。

　　The partnership agreement of a partnership enterprise is different. The Partnership Enterprise Law stipulates that there are few contents that are prohibited from negotiation and customization, and there are many contents that are left to partners to negotiate on their own.

　　两家合伙企业，可能都是有限合伙企业，但是。由于企业设立的目的不同，合伙人情况不同，合伙协议的内容可以超过一半不相同。

　　Two partnerships may both be limited partnerships, but. Due to different purposes of enterprise establishment and different partner situations, the content of the partnership agreement may vary by more than half.

　　曾经见过，明明是想搞个员工持股平台，偏偏拿了一份私募基金合伙企业的合伙协议在那里自己修改，发现人家的合伙协议上好多内容不知道什么意思，然后“愣”改。

　　I have seen before that although I wanted to establish an employee stock ownership platform, I took a partnership agreement of a private equity fund partnership and modified it myself. I found that there were many contents in the partnership agreement that I didn't know what they meant, and then I was "stunned" to make changes.

　　这真的不是什么好的操作思路。

　　This is really not a good operating strategy.

　　这里给3种可行性操作路径。

　　Here are three feasible operational paths.

　　第1种方法，就是找到一家朋友开的合伙企业，合伙目的、经营内容、合伙企业的具体作用，是基本相同的。那么，可以用这家合伙企业的合伙协议当作参考来起草自己的合伙协议。

　　The first method is to find a partnership enterprise opened by a friend. The purpose, business content, and specific role of the partnership enterprise are basically the same. So, you can use the partnership agreement of this partnership enterprise as a reference to draft your own partnership agreement.

　　第2种方法，就是找到一份市场监督部门提供的合伙企业的合伙协议样本，然后把自己的需求形成协议条款，添加到这份样本上去。

　　The second method is to find a sample partnership agreement provided by the market supervision department, and then form agreement terms based on one's own needs and add them to this sample.

　　这里提醒一下，尽量不要删除市场监督部门提供的样本上的条款。因为，这类样本通常非常简洁，只包括了市场监督部门登记审核时所必须有的基本要素和框架。在你不清楚法律规定的前提下，随便删除一条，很可能在合伙企业申请登记的时候就被退回来了，要求你重新搞。

　　Here's a reminder: try not to delete clauses from the samples provided by the market supervision department. Because such samples are usually very concise and only include the basic elements and framework necessary for market supervision departments to register and review. If you delete any item without understanding the legal provisions, it is likely to be returned to you when applying for registration of the partnership enterprise, and you will be required to redo it.

　　第3种方法，找到在公司合伙方面有实务经验的法律专业人员，全程指导和协助。

　　The third method is to find legal professionals with practical experience in corporate partnerships to provide guidance and assistance throughout the process.

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